CCTV security – It’s origins and uses

CCTV stands for close-circuit television, which transmits images and even sounds from mounted video cameras to remote monitors, usually for security and safety purposes. The transmission can take place either wirelessly or through cables connecting the video camera to the monitors.

Developed originally in Germany in 1942 to observe the V2-rocket launch by German engineer Walter Bruch, the CCTV system was installed in main business streets to prevent crimes. Banks and stores followed suit, to monitor the activities within the establishment and as a record of evidence of criminal activity. Today, CCTV systems are available for a private individual to install for the security of their homes and properties.

The technology works by installing video cameras, which often tilts and pans the room, in strategic places that can give a wide view of the location. These video cameras transmit and record these images to a remote monitor or monitors usually watched by security personnel.

CCTV systems are often installed in densely populated areas; banks, airports, subways, stores and malls, police and military facilities and even in the streets. These crowded locations are prime targets for crimes like theft, terrorism and other acts of violence. Studies show that a criminal is unlikely to commit physical crimes such as direct assault within the view of or near a camera. The fact that the offender’s features can be recorded in the cameras and be used to catch him later can greatly deter someone from committing a crime.

While the question remains whether CCTV can actually reduce crimes, it has provided help in detecting criminals caught in the act. The video recordings of the CCTV installed in shops can provide identification to shop-lifters and burglars or clues to crimes done within the vicinity. Other than monitoring criminal acts, the surveillance systems are also being used to combat anti-social behaviours which include minor offenses such as littering, drunkenness, traffic violations, urinating in public and other public order offenses.

Although most linked with surveillance and security, there are other uses of CCTV. Electron microscopy, medical imaging and robotics are few other applications of this technology. Live on-site video footages for conferences, concerts and sporting events such as boxing and wrestling are also an application of the CCTV system, as these transmissions are broadcasted to small and specific areas.

The CCTV systems have many types. Some cameras capture images alone, while some can record sounds as well. The type of CCTV camera depends on its main usage. If the main purpose is for surveillance or traffic control, it is not required to have coloured cameras; black and white images actually have a better resolution. However, if the main purpose of the CCTV system is criminal deterrence and identification, a coloured system is essential.

A CCTV system can offer a sense of peace and safety to the everyday citizen; the awareness that criminals and terrorists are unlikely to commit violent acts when there are cameras around help calm people’s minds.

Lessening crime rates and bringing peace of mind to citizens only shows how valuable CCTV systems are these modern times.

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